从肝脾论治成年女性特应性皮炎

目的:特应性皮炎的发病及治疗存在很大的异质性,在治疗方面特别强调个体化治疗,本文主要总结成年女性特应性皮炎的治疗思路和方法。方法:基于肝脾两脏的生理、病理及成年女性特应性皮炎的临床表现,深入分析其病因病机及治疗方法。结果:女性成年特应性皮炎患者常肝脾同病,肝郁脾虚湿蕴和肝郁脾虚血弱是成年女性特应性皮炎的常见证型,临床可采用疏肝健脾祛湿法和疏肝健脾养血法进行治疗。典型病例中采用肝脾同调法不但可以改善患者的皮疹,也可有效缓解瘙痒和不良情绪。结论:肝脾同调法是治疗成年女性特应性皮炎的有效方法。     

脾阳虚、肾阳虚亚健康状态人群的面诊图像特征分析研究＊

目的 研究脾阳虚、肾阳虚亚健康状态人群的面象特征，探讨面象特征在中医亚健康状态辨识中的诊断价值。方法 使用便携式中医智能镜采集体检人群面象样本，最终纳入脾阳虚亚健康者1450例、肾阳虚亚健康者1666例、健康者1844例，采用图像分析技术分析比较3组人群的面色、唇色等面象特征参数之间的差异。结果 肾阳虚人群的面色L值 > 脾阳虚人群（P < 0.05），肾阳虚人群的面色a、b值 < 脾阳虚人群（P < 0.05）；肾阳虚人群的唇色L值 > 脾阳虚人群 > 健康人群（P < 0.05），肾阳虚人群的唇色a、b值与脾阳虚人群无明显差异；脾阳虚、肾阳虚亚健康状态人群面部光泽度较健康人群均降低（P < 0.05）。结论 面诊图像特征可作为脾阳虚、肾阳虚亚健康人群的判别标准之一，为中医体质辨识提供了重要的面诊参数量化指标，为不同体质人群的健康状态评价及疾病的预防提供有效依据。     

痛泻要方热奄包治疗脾虚湿困型小儿腹泻患儿的临床效果和价值体会

目的:探讨脾虚湿困型小儿腹泻患儿采用痛泻要方热奄包治疗的临床效果。方法:将2018年3月-2019年3月平度市中医医院收治的88例脾虚湿困型小儿腹泻患儿作为研究样本,遵从随机化原则分成参照组和研究组,参照组(44例)采用常规西医治疗,研究组(44例)采用痛泻要方热奄包治疗。比较两组治疗效果、中医症状积分和不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,研究组总疗效高于参照组,中医症状积分小于参照组,有明显统计学意义(P <0.05);两组均未出现明显不良反应。结论:痛泻要方热奄包用于脾虚湿困型小儿腹泻患儿临床治疗中效果理想,安全可靠,建议大力推广。     

扶正解毒通络法治疗糖尿病足

目的观察扶正解毒通络法治疗糖尿病足(气血亏虚、湿毒内蕴证)患者的临床疗效。方法将90例糖尿病足(WagnerⅡ级或Ⅲ级),中医辨证属气血亏虚、湿毒内蕴证的患者随机均分成3组。其中治疗组A 30例,治疗组B 30例,对照组 30例。对照组予以西医内科常规治疗和蚕食清创,治疗组A在对照组基础上联用扶正解毒、通络生肌膏外用,治疗组B在治疗组A基础上内服中药汤剂。对比3组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、ABI、TcPO2、CRP、ALB、感觉阈值、创面面积等变化。4周为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。结果单纯西医内科常规治疗和蚕食清创的对照组临床总有效率为66.7%,加用中药膏外用的治疗组A临床总有效率83.3%;而内服汤药联合外用膏药治疗组B临床总有效率为90.0%,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组。3组治疗前后中医证候积分、ABI、CRP、ALB、感觉阈值、创面面积变化均有明显差异,治疗组明显优于对照组。治疗组均未出现不良反应。结论中药内外联用治疗糖尿病足(WagnerⅡ级或Ⅲ级)气血亏虚、湿毒内蕴证者疗效显著,在改善患者临床症状、创面面积及下肢循环、神经损伤等方面较单纯中医外治和单纯西医常规治疗疗效确切。     

Diagnosis and Treatment of Musculotendinous Deficiencies of the Hip

Musculotendinous deficiencies related to iliopsoas tendinitis and abductor mechanism disruption following total hip arthroplasty (THA) are frequently under diagnosed and can be frustrating to surgeons and devastating to patients with painful THAs with normal appearing radiographs. Current peer-reviewed evidence is presented for diagnosis and treatment options for these two musculotendinous deficiencies. While these musculotendinous deficiencies are treatable, prevention during the primary THA is ideal, and special attention should be taken into consideration for optimized acetabular cup size and position, optimized hip biomechanics, and preservation and protection of the abductor tendon insertion to the greater trochanter.     

基于Bark域的电子耳蜗频带划分分析和拟合研究

目前电子耳蜗主流的言语处理策略是基于滤波器组的言语处理算法，该算法通过分频带进行信号处理并把参数传递到对应的电极上。电子耳蜗滤波器组的频带划分不是等分的，而是按一定规律进行并且符合人耳听觉特性的，其中，Bark域的频带划分是重要的参考。本研究基于Bark域的电子耳蜗频带划分方法，探讨Bark域频带划分的特性并结合目前的电子耳蜗滤波器组的频带划分进行分析，进而探讨频带划分中的曲线拟合方法，为电子耳蜗滤波器组中的频带划分提供重要的方法和参数。     

Iron deficiency anaemia revisited

Iron deficiency anaemia is a global health concern affecting children, women and the elderly, whilst also being a common comorbidity in multiple medical conditions. The aetiology is variable and attributed to several risk factors decreasing iron intake and absorption or increasing demand and loss, with multiple aetiologies often coexisting in an individual patient. Although presenting symptoms may be nonspecific, there is emerging evidence on the detrimental effects of iron deficiency anaemia on clinical outcomes across several medical conditions. Increased awareness about the consequences and prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia can aid early detection and management. Diagnosis can be easily made by measurement of haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, whilst in chronic inflammatory conditions, diagnosis may be more challenging and necessitates consideration of higher serum ferritin thresholds and evaluation of transferrin saturation. Oral and intravenous formulations of iron supplementation are available, and several patient and disease‐related factors need to be considered before management decisions are made. This review provides recent updates and guidance on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anaemia in multiple clinical settings.     

The individual and joint effects of maternal 25(OH)D deficiency and gestational diabetes on infant birth size

Background and aimsTo examine the independent effect of maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency and its joint effect with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on infant birth size.Methods and resultsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in 15,724 mother-offspring dyads in Beijing, China between 2016 and 2017. Outcomes included infant birth weight Z-score (adjusted for gestational age and sex) and large for gestational age (LGA). Exposures were maternal 25(OH)D concentrations. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of exposures with continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. Exposure-outcome associations were not observed when analyzing 25(OH)D concentrations continuously or in quartiles (P > 0.05); however, mothers with severely deficient 25(OH)D concentrations (n = 307) had a decreased risk of LGA compared with those with sufficient 25(OH)D concentrations (≥30.0 ng/mL; n = 5400) (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42, 0.93). Compared to mothers with no 25(OH)D deficiency (≥20.0 ng/mL) and no GDM (n = 7975), those with both 25(OH)D deficiency and GDM (n = 1090) had 0.15 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.21) higher infant birth weight Z-score and a higher risk of LGA (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.52). Maternal 25(OH)D deficiency and GDM had additive interaction on the risk of LGA (relative risk due to interaction: 0.18).ConclusionMothers with severely deficient 25(OH)D might have a decreased risk of LGA. However, the joint effect of maternal 25(OH)D deficiency and GDM might increase the risk of LGA. Our findings have clinical and public health implications and provide potential directions for future studies.